Question 4: By using an example of communication phenomenon, how do you decide which theory cluster to refer to and choose a theory to explain the phenomenon.

i) Perra

ii) Lynnia

Example of Phenomenon: People argue at comment section on Facebook

Using the example of phenomenon above, we need to find which theory cluster related to it. There are 9 theories clusters we can refer:

1. Interpersonal communication and relations
2. Organizational Communication
3. Mass media
4. Communication and Information Technology
5. Communication Process
6. Health Communication
7. Language Themes and Linguistic
8. Media, Culture and Society
9. Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing and Consumer Behavior

Cluster: In this case, based on the phenomenon chosen, it related to Interpersonal Communication and Relations.

Note: Besides, we can choose other cluster that also may related like mass media or communication and information technology since the phenenomenon are using social medias.

Theory: Based on the cluster chosen, there are numerous theories under it. For this phenomenon we will use Argumentation Theory. This theory explain how people argue. And it’s close related to the phenomenon given.

Note that one PHENOMENON can use other clusters and theories because theories can be use to PREDICT; It’s not based on truth.

SECOND EXAMPLE

PHENOMENON : A student search further informations about History subject through social media.

The theory cluster that related to the phenomenon is MASS MEDIA. For this phenomenon we will use Uses and Gratifications Approach Theory. This theory explain of the media uses and it is very close related to the phenomenon given.

Question 5: Explain why different theory clusters can have the same theories under it?

i) Ivy Joycee (BA18110468)

ii) Nurkhalisa

Communication cluster is where all theory that had the possibility to explain a communication phenomena were keep below it. There’s 9 different communication cluster which under it there’s many theory laying but we may found that there’s a same theory in different cluster.
For example : In Mass Media cluster and media, culture and society cluster there had a same theory that can use to explain the phenomena which is “spiral of silence”

Meaning : Spiral of Silence Theory
The minority tends to keep their opinion silent. They were afaird to voice out their opinion publicly because afaird of being isolated.

This happen because both cluster happen to have a similarity which is both cluster aims is formation of public opinion. The spiral of silence theory can be use on both cluster to explain the phenomena.

Example of Phenomena : Taking about politic in media social
Communication Cluster : Mass Media & Media, Culture and Society
Theory Used : Spiral Of Silent
Explanation : Under the cluster of mass media and media,culture and society the phenomena shows that media social has the power where user can talk openly through it. Media social had become a medium where people talk about politic openly and everyone can gladly says their opinion. While the theory explained that among those people theres a person that kept the opinions silent. This happen due to when the dominant side had the public attention this minority tend to just stay silent because their afaird of rejection. They afraid whatever they said that against the dominant opinion their will been bashed and isolated by the public.This has shown that even under different cluster the phenomena is explained exactly the same by the same theory. The function of the theory is still the same even it was put under different communication. Both cluster pointed that when comes to public the spiral of silent theory is exist to explain that not all person in this society will able to express their opinion openly in the public.